1. Occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens; needlestick and other sharps injuries; final rule. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Department of Labor. Final rule; request for comment on the Information Collection (Paperwork) Requirements. Fed Regist 2001; 66:5318.
2. Centers for Disease Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2000.108 November 1999 "ALERT. Preventing Needlestick Injuries in Health Care Settings". http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2000-108/pdfs/2000-108.pdf. Digital file.
3. U.S. Department of Labor. Occupational Safety & Health Administration. "Healthcare Wide Hazards. Needlesticks/Sharps Injuries. https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/hospital/hazards/sharps/sharps.html. Accessed July 2015.
4.United States Department of Labor. Occupational Safety & Health Administration. "Frequently Asked Questions". OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (29 CFR 1910.1030). "CPL 2-2.69 (November 2001). Enforcement Procedures for the Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens https://www.osha.gov/needlesticks/needlefaq.html. Accessed July 2015.
5. Robertson TM, Hendey GW, Stroh G, et al, “Intranasal Naloxone is a Viable Alternative to Intravenous Naloxone for Prehospital Narcotic Overdose,” Prehosp Emerg Care, 2009, 13(4):512-5. [PubMed 19731165]
6. "Therapeutic Intranasal Drug Delivery. Needleless treatment options for medical problems" http://intranasal.net/overview/default.htm. Mygind, N. and S. Vesterhauge, Aerosol distribution in the nose.Rhinology, 1978. 16(2): p. 79-88. Accessed July 2015.
7. Sanford M Archer, MD Professor, Department of Surgery and Pediatrics, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kentucky Medical Center. Nasal Physiology: Anatomy of the Nose. Oct 01, 2014. Retrieved from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/874771-overview#a2. July 2015.
8. Gray, Henry. Anatomy of the Human Body. The Nasal Cavity. 20th ed., Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1918; New York: Bartleby.com, 2000. www.bartleby.com 194. October 2015.
9. Ear, Nose & Throat Alliance Hearing & Balance Center. "Nasal Cilia". http://www.allianceent.net/index.php?section=9&pid=182 Accessed July 2015.
10. Empty Nose Syndrome Self-Help Website. "Nasal Mucosa. The Role of Mucosa In the Nasal Cavity". http://www.emptynosesyndrome.org/turbinate-tutorial/nasal-mucosa/. Accessed July 2015.
11. Merriam-Webster, Incorporated. "Definition". All rights reserved. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bioavailability. Accessed July 2015.
12. Dowling J1, Isbister GK, Kirkpatrick CM, Naidoo D, Graudins A. Ther Drug Monit. 2008 Aug;30(4):490-6. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0b013e3181816214. "Population pharmacokinetics of intravenous, intramuscular, and intranasal naloxone in human volunteers." US National Library of Medicine National Institute of Health. Accessed July 2015.
13. Hussain et al, Int J Pharm, 1984 , Loimer et al, Int J Addict, 1994, Loimer et al, J Psychiatr Res, 1992. Journal article "Absorption of IN naloxone almost as fast as IV in both animal and human models". Accessed July 2015.
14. Thorsson et al, Br J Clin Pharmacol, 199.9 Journal article ""Atomization” of medications show much better absorption via the IN route". Accessed July 2015.
15. Bledsoe, Bryan E., Robert S. Porter, and Richard A. Cherry. Essentials of Paramedic Care. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007. Print. Accessed July 2015.
16. MA STP Version 12.03. Medical Protocol 2.14: Massachusetts Department of Public Health Office of Emergency Medical Services, n.d. PDF. Statewide Treatment Protocols version 12.03. Accessed July 2015.
17. LaryngealMaskAirway [LMA MAD Nasal™]. (September 16, 2011). Anatomy of the Nasal Cavity [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/7sJMaSOoH88. July 9, 2015.
18. MA STP Version 12.03. Appendix A1 Adult Medication Reference.: Massachusetts Department of Public Health Office of Emergency Medical Services, n.d. PDF. Statewide Treatment Protocols version 12.03. Accessed July 2015.
19. Boyer EW, “Management of Opioid Analgesic Overdose,” N Engl J Med, 2012, 367(2):146-55. [PubMed 22784117]. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Accessed July 2015.
20. MA STP V12.03 2.14 Poisoning/Substance Abuse/Overdose – Adult & Pediatric: Massachusetts Department of Public Health Office of Emergency Medical Services, n.d. PDF. EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES PRE-HOSPITAL STATEWIDE TREATMENT PROTOCOLS official version 12.03. September 6, 2014. Accessed July 2015.
21. National Institute on Drug Abuse. “Teens Mix Prescription Opiods with Other Substances”. April 2013. [digital file] Retrieved from: http://www.drugabuse.gov/related-topics/trends-statistics/infographics/teens-mix-prescription-opioids-other-substances. Accessed July 2015.
22. Therapeutic Intranasal Drug Delivery. “Needleless treatment options for medical problems. Intranasal Naloxone for acute opiate overdose: Reducing needle stick risk, improving time to medication delivery”. Paramedic use of intra-nasal naloxone. http://intranasal.net/OpiateOverdose/. Accessed July 2015.
23. McDermott, C. and N. C. Collins (2012). "Prehospital medication administration: a randomised study comparing intranasal and intravenous routes." Emerg Med Int 2012: 476161. Accessed July 2015.
24. USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/01/30/police-use-narcan-to-reverse-heroin-overdoses/5063587/. Video news release: Police carry special drug to reverse heroin overdoses February 3, 2014. Accessed July 2015.
25. http://www.opioids.net “What is an Opioid?” Accessed July 2015. Digital file.
26. American Heart Association (AHA). http://www.heart.org/idc/groups/heart-public/@wcm/@ecc/documents/downloadable/ucm_323608.mp3. Audio file. Accessed July 2015.
27. American Heart Association (AHA). http://www.heart.org/idc/groups/heart-public/@wcm/@ecc/documents/downloadable/ucm_323607.mp3. Audio file. Accessed July 2015.
|