| Trauma or hemorrhage may occur, particularly in the post-operative period. However, a tracheoarterial fistula may occur uncommonly, with the innominate artery, but occurs in less than 1% of patients. This figure includes patients with either short-term or long-term tracheostomies. (16)
Small amounts of bleeding may manifest as red or pink stains in the mucus or within the trachea. Irritation around the trachea or too much suctioning or deep suctioning can be the cause. Frequent coughing may cause the airway to become raw, or blood may be a sign of an infection. Be certain to check the suctioning pressure if you become aware of bleeding. It may be too high, something that is more likely with children. Tracheal ties may rub and cause irritation, and in the worst case, may not be securely fastened, allowing the patient to decannulate. (17) | | | | |
